American Politics 514 Mr. Rhoads
Sex and Gender Differences:
Biology, Fall 2005
Culture, Politics and Policy
Office Hours: Tuesdays 3:40-5:40
and by appointment
Phone Number: 924-7866
e-mail ser6f@virginia.edu
Course Description
This course will explore sex and
gender differences and similarities from a variety of perspectives but with an
emphasis on biological and evolutionary explanations. The success of the course will be heavily
dependent on thoughtful class discussion.
With that in mind, the principal requirements are designed to make our
class-time together more fruitful. These
requirements are (1) regular attendance and thoughtful participation in class;
(2) four to six short, unannounced quizzes [unexcused, missed quizzes will
count as failures; however every student’s lowest grade (whether from a missed
or a “taken” test) will count only one half as much as the other quizzes;
e-mail me BEFORE class at ser6f@virginia.edu if you can’t be there]; (3)
two 7-10 page papers on the assigned reading for the day which will be due on
the Monday before our Tuesday meeting at 3:30 [SHARP!] in the week before the
paper topics are discussed. Papers
should be in hard copy and placed under my door at 244 Cabell Hall. I will read the papers before we discuss the
topic, and you and I will bring your arguments into our discussion. Paper writers should spend some time thinking
about how they can most effectively present the principal arguments of their
paper to the class in 4 to 5 minutes.
There will be a heavy penalty for late papers.
Grades
Thoughtful Class participation
(including your class summary of your paper) 20%
Unannounced Quizzes
40%
Two Short Papers
40%
Most of the reading for the
course will be from a special collection of readings available at Brillig Books
(
SYLLABUS: PART I
Schedule of
Week 1 Introduction
Week 2 Masculinity/Femininity
I Differences and Their Sources
Udry, J. Richard. (1994). The
Nature of Gender. Demography, 31,
561-573.
Browne, Kingsley. Biology at Work,
Interview
with Helena Cronin.
Rhoads. Taking Sex
Differences Seriously, introduction, Ch. 2.
Baron-Cohen, Simon. The
Essential Difference, Ch. 1-2, pp. 29-33, 38-47, 54-56, 87-91,
95-104,
Hotz, Robert Lee. “Women Are
Very Much Not Alike, Gene Study Finds,”
Times, 3/17/05.
Eagly,
Alice H., Wendy Wood, and Mary C. Johannesen-Schmidt. “Social Role Theory
of Sex
Differences and Similarities: Implications for the Partner Preferences of Women
and Men,” The Psychology of Gender, pp. 269-282.
Gilmore, David D. Manhood in the Making: Cultural Concepts of
Masculinity (New
Haven:
II Differences and Culture
Miedzian, Myriam. Boys Will Be Boys (New York: Doubleday,
1991), pp. 79-95.
Blankenhorn, David. (November
1991). The Good Family Man: Fatherhood and the
Pursuit
of Happiness in
Rosenfeld, Megan, “Games Girls
Play: A Toy Chest Full of Stereotypes,” The
III The Unconnected Man
Heavey, Bill. “Point Well
Taken,”
Doonesbury Cartoon.
Crenshaw, Theresa. The Alchemy of Love and Lust (1996), pp.
140-144.
Tannen, Deboara. You Just Don’t Understand, pp. 176-179,
268-271.
Week 3 Sexuality
I Theory
Schmitt, David P., Todd K.
Shackelford, and David M. Buss. “Are Men Really More
‘Oriented’
Toward Short-Term Mating Than Women?” Psychology, Evolution, and Gender
3(3), 12/01, pp. 211-39.
Cashdan, Elizabeth. (1996).
“Women’s Mating Strategies.” Evolutionary Anthropology,
5(4),
pp. 134-143.
Rhoads. Taking Sex
Differences Seriously,
Eagly, Alice H., and Wendy Wood.
“Social Role Theory of Sex Differences and
Similarities:
Implications for Partner Preferences of Women and Men” The Psychology of
Gender, pp. 282-289.
Buss. Evolution of Desire (1994), 45-48.
Bailey,
Kristen. “Sexual Double Standards May Have Social Roots,” The Cavalier Daily,
April
5, 2004.
Fisher, Helen. Anatomy of Love (1992), pp. 88-97.
Menstrual
Cycle: An Improved Replication,” Evolution and Human Behavior24, 2003,
pg. 391 [abstract].
Crenshaw, Theresa, M.D. The Alchemy of Love and Lust, (1996),
pp. 120-125, 144-147,
158-159.
Furlow, A. Bryant and Randy
Thornhill. “The Orgasm Wars,” Human
Sexuality, (1996)
pp.
55-57.
“Big Breasts and a Bogus
Broadcast,”
Botting, Kate and Douglas. “Men
Can Be Sex Objects Too!” Cosmopolitan,
August
1996.
Cathy and Doonesbury cartoons.
II Policy
1.
Male/Female Relations Among Poor Americans
Wilson, James Q. The Marriage Problem (2002), pp.
155-157.
Rhoads. Taking Sex Differences Seriously,
Britt, Donna “Sex, Courtship and
the Hopes of Black Teenage Girls,”
Post, 5/18/98.
Mansbridge, Jane. “Welfare
Reform and Women’s
Section Newsletter,
pp. 3-4.
Broder, David S. “An Unlikely
Marriage Broker,”
Pierre, Robert. “States Consider
Law Against Paternity Fraud.”
October
14, 2002.
“The Crisis n the Black Family,”
The Family in American: New Research,
Sept. 1997.
“Men, Women and Marriage,”
Raspberry, William. “Learning
About boys From Elephants,” The Daily
Progress,
3/5/99.
Thomas, Adam and Isabel Sawhill.
“For Richer or for Poorer,” Journal of
Policy Analysis
and Management,
Fall 2002, Vol 21, Number 41, p. 587.
Kotlowitz, Alex. “It Takes a
Wedding,”
Wilcox, W. Bradford, “The Facts
of Life & Marriage,” 1/05.
Gallagher, Maggie. “Kids Just
Want a Two-Parent Family,” Universal Press Syndicate,
1/27/04.
“The Marriage Experiment,”
Barbara
Whitehead, “The War Between the Sexes,” The American
pp.
25-27.
2.
Sex and Power
Huber, Peter. “Political Sex,” Forbes, October 24, 1994, p. 270.
Estrich, Susan. “Not a
Victimless Crime,”
Paglia, Camille. “How Do You
Handle a Hungry Man?” Salon Magazine,
March 1997.
Ceaser, James. “In the Court of
Sultan Bill,” The Weekly Standard,
2/23/98.
Morin, Richard. “Hail to the
Philanders-in Chief,”
Dowd, Maureen. “In All His
Feathered Glory,”
Golberg, Stephanie. “Greene is
Sent out to Pasture,” WE news, 9/25/02.
Frase-Blunt, Martha. “The Sugar
Daddies’ Kiss of Death,”
2002,
p. B4.
3.
Sex and Close Military Quarters
Browne, Kingsley. (Winter 2002),
“Women at War: An Evolutionary Perspective,”
Buffalo
Law Review, Volume 29, Number 1, pp.
171, 191, 192.
“Advisory Panel Calls on Navy to
Permit Women to Serve on Submarines,” AP story,
May 4,
2000.
Moloney, Daniel P. (February
2002), “Sex and the Married Missileer,” First Things,
February
2000, pp. 45-51.
Simons, Anna. (2001), “Women in
Combat Units: It’s Still a Bad Idea,” Parameters,
Short
excerpt.
Week 4:
Aggression/Competition/Risk-taking
I Theories of Aggression
Browne. Biology At Work, pp. 11-21.
Cashdan, Elizabeth. “Hormones,
Sex and Status in Women,” Hormones and
Behavior
(1995),
pp. 354-355.
Rhoads, Taking Sex
Differences Seriously,
Lips, Hillary. Sex and Gender, (1997), pp. 112-120.
Goldberg, Steven. (1993), Why Men Rule: A Theory of Male Dominance,
Court,
pp. 64-73, 103-105, 110-113, 126-129, 148-149.
“Violent Behavior Ebbs After
Classes,”
Harrington, Walter. “The Boys of
Selby,” The
1985,
pp. 9-22.
II Competitiveness, and Title IX
Gibbons, Shiela. “Sports News
Shortchanges Female Players, Fans,” Women’s
E-News
Today, 5/14/03.
Rhoads, Taking Sex
Differences Seriously,
Thompson, Bob. “My Girls Make a
Vertical Leap,” The
Goodman, Ellen. “A Winning Idea
in Sports: a Level Playing Field,”
19,
1997) p. A17.
Marcus, Mary Brophy, “If You Let
me Play: A Basketball or a Hockey Puck May Shatter
the
Glass Ceiling,”
Goldberg, Debbie. “
p. A3.
Raspberry, William. “The Way
They Play on The Mean Streets,”
12/12/97.
McGrath, Charles. “A Whole New
Ballgame,”
Katz,
Intelligencer, May
13, 2001.
Landenson, Michael. “The Real
Bobby Knight,” The American
October/November
2002.
Lupica,
Mike. “Bully for IU- Knight Firing Long Overdue,”
“Frequent Participation in
Sports” Data by Age and Sex, from Gaining
Ground (1998),
pp.
4-5.
“More Coachable: Anson Dorrance
has found the right approach to women players,”
Soccer
Press.
Associated
Press, 3/22/05.
Chapman, Steve. “In College
Sports, Disparity is Not Discrimination,” Chicago Tribune,
4/24/05.
III Domestic Violence
Buss, David. “Abuse” and
“Jealousy” from The Evolution of Desire.
Flowers, Barri. “The Problem of
Domestic Violence is Widespread,” in Swisher ed.,
Domestic Violence,
pp. 10-19.
Goode, Erica, et.al. “Domestic
Violence as a Serious Problem for Women,” in Swisher
ed.,
pp. 24-25.
Peterson, Karen. “Studies
Shatter Myth About Abuse,”
Gwinn, Casey. “Harsher Penalties
Can Reduce Family Violence,” pp. 160-164 in Bruno
Leone,
ed. (1996) Family Violence,
Dinan, Sarah (research
assistant-2001). “Summary of Domestic Violence Research,” pp.
1-4.
Pence, Ellen and Michael Paymar.
Education Groups for Men Who Batter: The
Diluth
Model (1993), pp.
60-63, 72-81.
Satel, Sally L. “It’s Always His
Fault,” Women’s Quarterly (Summer
1997), pp. 4-10.
Leo, John. “Mars to Venus: Back
Off,”
Week 5: Nurturing the Young
I Theory and Evidence
1. Biology at Work?
Browne. Biology at Work, pp. 21-2.
Rhoads. Taking Sex
Differences Seriously,
Babchuk, Wayne A., Hames,
Raymond B, and Thompson, Ross A. (1985), “Sex
Differences
in the Recognition of Infant Facial Expressions of Emotion: The Primary
Caretaker Hypothesis,” Ethology and
Sociobiology 6, p. 89.
Frodi, Ann M., and Lamb, Michael
E. (1978), “Sex Differences in Responsiveness to
Infants:
A Developmental Study of Psychophysiological and Behavioral Responses,” Child Development 49, pp. 1182-1188.
Lips, Hilary. Sex and Gender, pp. 120-122.
Polatnick, M. Rivka. “Why Men
Don’t Rear Children: A Power Analysis,” in Trebilcot
ed., Mothering Essays in Feminist Theory, pp.
21-37.
Cowan, Philip A., Cowan, Carolyn
Pape, and Kerig, Patricia K. “Mothers, Fathers, Sons
and
Daughters: Gender Differences in Family Formation and Parenting Style,” reports
in Cowan, Philip et al., eds., Family,
Self, and Society: Toward a new Agenda for Family Research (Hilsdale, N.J.:
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1993), pp. 168-173.
Witze, Alexandra. “Your Life
Isn’t All That Changes When Baby Arrives,”
Inquirer, 1/9/05.
2. Do Women Need Children?
Rollin, Betty. “Motherhood: Who
Needs It?” The Norton Reader, pp.
534-544.
Huffman, Lori Kenyon. “The
Incredible Vanishing Woman,”
5/9/05.
Erickson, Martha Farrell and
Enola G. Aird. “The Motherhood Study: Fresh Insights on
Mothers’
Attitudes and Concerns,” 6/8/05, Executive Summary.
Glusker, Anne. “Fertility
Panic,”
Trafford, “Women Can’t Beat the
Clock,”
Tousignant, Marylou. “A Whining,
Dining Doll,”
Eberstadt, Nicholas. “The New
Trend: A Population Bust,”
“Where’s Daddy?”
Rhoads, Steven. “What Fathers Do
Best- Hint: Not the Same Things as Mothers,” The
Weekly
Standard 10(38), 6/20/05.
II Breast Feeding
“Breast Feeding Linked to IQ
Gain,”
“Study Links Cancer Rate, Time
Spent Breast-Feeding,” The Daily Progress.
Trafford, Abigail. “What’s Good
for the Baby May Guilt Trip the Mother,”
Post, 12/9/97 and
letters to the editor.
Galtry, Judith. “On Feminism,
Breastfeeding and the Workplace,” (Sarah Dinan abstract
of
article).
III Child Custody
Neely, Richard. “Barter in the
Court,” The New Republic, February
10, 1986, pp. 13-15.
Goldstein, Leslie. “Can this
Marriage Be Saved?” Feminist
Jurisprudence (1992), pp. 24-
25.
IV Day Care
Rhoads.
Belsky, Jay. “Quantity Counts,” Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics,
June 2002,
pp.
167-170.
“Child Aggressiveness Study
Cites Day Care,”
Fisch, Audrey. “Where’s Poppa,” www.salon.com,
8/5/02.
Goodman, Ellen. “Unlike Research
Life…” The Daily Progress, 8/13/02.
Pearlstein, Steven. “Subsidies
May Not Mean Parents Trade Up on Day Care,”
“Fear in the Blood,” The
Family in
“Even Babies Prefer Moms at
Home,” World Congress of Families Research Abstract of
the
Week, 1/11/05.
“Mom’s Crazy Work Schedule,” World
Congress of Families Research Abstract of the
Week, 1/24/05.
“Childcare Initiative Triggers
‘Mommy Wars’,”
Williams, Marjorie. “Desk Top
Day Care,”
Cohn, D’Vera. “For Women, Work
Gains Can Mean Home Losses,”
(August
26, 1994), p. C1.
Marcus, Ruth. “What Mommies
Want,”
Week 6 Conversational Styles
Tannen, Deborah. Talking from 9 to 5: Women and Men in the
Workplace: Language,
Sex and Power (New
York: Avon, 1994), pp. 14-15, 21-77, 88-91, 99-102,
107-131,
185-216, 236-292, 300-301, 310-317.
Brown, David. “Girls may Inherit
Intuition Genes From Fathers,” Washington
Post, June
12,
1997.
Roipe, Anne. “Talking Trouble,” Working Woman, October 1994.
“Stuff from Beyond,” e-mail from
Goodman, Ellen. “Guy Thing, Gal
Thing,”
Ehrenreich, Barbara. “The
Politics of Talking in Couples: Conversus Interruptus and
Other
Disorders,” in Feminist Frameworks,
Jagger and Rothenberg eds. (New
O’Neil, L. Peat. “Where the
Girls Aren’t,”
Cathy cartoon.
II Men and Women in Prison
Collins, William C. and Andrew
W. Collins. “Women in Jail: Legal Issues,”
Department
of Justice, Dec. 1996, pp. 1-6.
Otis,
Ginger. “
3/17/03.
Fletcher, Beverly, et al. Women Prisoners, 1993 [brief excerpt
from review].
Brief excerpts from court
commentary.
Rasche, Christine E. “Special
Needs of the Female Offender,” Florida State Department
of
Education, 1991, pp. 46-49, 54-57, 191.
Corrections Today,
Dec. 1998, pp. 130-134.
Klein, Amy. “New Approaches
Sought to Punish- and Reach- Wayward Girls,”
Mishra, Raja. “Jessup’s New
Warden Lets Prisoners Know Who’s Boss,” Washington
Post, Nov. 22,
1997.
Mason, Ann. “Gender-Specific
Programming in Corrections: What’s the Point?” May 12,
1999,
pp. 19-22.
I Theory
Buss, David. The Evolution of Desire, (1994) -
Stanley, Scott M. “What is it
With Men and Commitment, Anyway?” Keynote addres to
the
6th
Annual Smart Marriages Conference, pp.
2-9.
Fein, Ellen and Sherrie
Schneider. The Rules, 1995, Chs. 2-4,
Rules 6, 13, 15, 17, 22, 29.
Commentary on The Rules: Goodman and Walsh.
Hax, Carolyn. "The Rules
for Men,"
Barry, Dave. "Men vs.
Women."
II Policy and Culture
1.
Sexual Harassment
Twomey, Steve. "A Dear in
the Headlights of Harassment,"
Muggeridge, Anne Roche.
"Give a Little Whistle!" Women's
Quarterly, Winter 1995, pp. 9-10.
"Saying Yes and No to
Sex,"
Barry, Dave. "World
Cups," The
Siegel, Deborah. "Legal
Definitions of Sexual Harassment Must Be Broad," What is Sexual Harassment,
1992, pp. 46-53.
"The New Rules of Sexual
Harassment," US News and World
Report, July 6, 1998.
Browne. Biology at Work, pp. 191-214.
Weiss, Philip. "Don't Even
Think About It (The Cupid Cops Are Watching)," in The New York Times Magazine, May 3, 1998.
Young, Cathy. "Strange and
Cautionary Tales of Sexual Harassment," in The Women's Freedom Network Newsletter,
Summer 1996.
Risser, Rita. "The New Law
of Sexual Harassment: Everything You Know is Wrong*,"
in Rethinking Sexual Harassment: A Women's
Freedom Network Special Report, 1998.
Martin, Judith. "No Romance
Please,"
Mencimer, Stephanie. "When
You Must Make a Lasting Impression,"
2.
The Sexual Revolution
Adleson, Joseph. "Sex Among
the Americans," Human Sexuality,
pp. 37-41, 1997.
Fillion, Kate. "Lock Up
Your Sons," Human Sexuality,
1997, pp. 195-199.
Levine, Judith. "The Sexual
Revolution is Not Immoral," Sexual
Values, pp. 37-43.
"Steps in the Mating
Dance" and "A Proper Proposal," in Judith Martin, Miss Manners' Guide to Raising Perfect Children.
Rissman, Barbara and Pepper
Schwartz. “After the Sexual Revolution: Gender Politics in
Teen Dating,” Contexts, Spring 2002, pp. 16-23
Rhoads.
UVA Resident Advisor on “Sex and
Hooking Up at UVA” 2000.
3. Dating, Marriage, and the Career Woman
Schiffren, Lisa. "Is That
All There Is?" Women's Quarterly,
(Autumn 1997), pp. 4-8.
Clements, Marcelle and Lisa
Kogan. "The Single Life," Elle.
Greistman, Ann. "Ring
Anxiety," Glamour, Oct. 1999.
Dowd, Maureen. “Men Just Want
Mommy,” The
1/14/05.
Shellenbarger, Sue. “The Latest
Dating Headache: Women With High Salaries Wary of
Gold
Diggers,” Wall Street Journal, 1/27/05.
Week 8 Marriage
I Marital Dynamics
Thompson, Linda and Alexis
Walker. "Gender in Families: Women and Men in Marriage, Work and Parenthood," Journal of Marriage and the Family, November, 1989, pp. 845-865.
Goleman, Daniel. Emotional Intelligence, pp. 140-141.
Booth, Alan and James M. Dabbs.
"Testosterone and Men's Marriages," Social Forces, December
1993, 72(2), pp. 472-473.
Tannen, Deborah. You Just Don't Understand, pp. 288-93.
II Marital Health and Happiness
Rovner, Sandy.
"Healthtalk: Heart Attacks &
Wives,"
Glenn, Norval, et. al, “Why
Marriage Matters: Twenty One Conclusions From the Social
Sciences,”
American Experiment Quarterly, Spring 2002, pp. 34-40.
Musante, Linda, et. al.
(1990), “Individual and Cross-spouse Correlations of Perceptions of
Family Functioning, Blood Pressure and Dimensions of Anger,” Journal of Psychosomatic Research,
[abstract only].
Reid, Brian. “Dying to Stay Home,”
Okie, Susan. "Stress and Colds,"
Elias, Marilyn. “Hugs Can Do a
Heart Good Especially For Women,”
3/8/04.
Weisfeld, G.E. "Correlates
of Satisfaction in British Marriages," Ethnology
and Sociobiology 1992, 13:125,
pp. 139-42.
Cancian, Francesca M.
"Gender Politics: Love and Power in the Private and Public
Spheres,"
Gender and the Life Course, (1985),
ed. Alice Rossi, pp. 257-263.
Barnett, Rosalind and Grace K.
Baruch. "Social Roles, Gender, and Psychological Distress,"
Gender and Stress, eds. Rosalind
Barnett, Lois Biener and Grace
Baruch (The Free Press,1987),
pp. 131-141.
"Motherhood Today -- A
Tougher Job, Less Ably Done," The
III Should Law and Society Encourage Marriage ?
1.
Cohabitation and Marriage
Lyall, Sarah. “With the Blessing
of Society, Europeans Opt not to Marry,”
Times, 3-24-02.
Cohan. “Fragile Unions (with
prior cohabitation),” 2002 excerpt.
Glenn, Norval D. "A
Critique of Twenty Family and Marriage and the Family Textbooks," Family
Relations, 1997, 46, pp.197-202.
2.
Policy and Commentary
Fletcher.
“Degrees of Separation,”
Carlson, Allan C. and David
Blankenhorn. "The Wages of Wedlock," The Weekly
Standard, November 17, 1997, pp. 16-17.
Fagan, Patterson, and Rector.
“Marriage, (Marriage Education) and Welfare Reform,”
Heritage
Foundation Backgrounder, 10-25-02, pp. 1-2.
Starr, Alexandra. “Shotgun
Wedding by Uncle Sam,” Business Week, 6-4-02.
III Childcare, Housework and Androgynous/Traditional
Marriages
Nock, Steven L., and Margaret F.
Brinig. "Weak Men and Disorderly Women: Divorce and the Division of Labor," pp. 171-177, 180-190.
Mainardi, Pat. "The
Politics of Housework," Jagger and Rothenberg, eds. Feminist Frameworks, pp. 19-23.
Browne. Biology at Work, pp. 133-41, 166-87.
Morse Roback, Jennifer.
"Counter-Cultural Womanhood: Why I Am Not a Feminist," Oct. 18, 1997 speech to the Women's
Freedom Network Annual Conference, reprinted
in Vital Speeches of the Day.
Goldberg, Steven. “Men and Women
Should Not Share Domestic Responsibilities,” in
Petrikin,
ed., Male Female Roles, (1995) pp.
280-83.
“The Ancestory of Ozzie &
Harriet,” The Family in
2004.
Schwartz, Pepper. "Peer
Marriage," Marriage and the Family,
pp. 93-97.
Deutsch, Francine. Halving it All: How Equally Shared Parenting
Works, 1999, pp. 61-6.
Flanagan, Caitlin. “The Wifely
Duty,” The Atlantic Monthly, Jan. 2003.
Mundy, Liza. “The Late Shift,”
Belsky and Houston. “Sex Typing
and Division of Labor As Determinants of Marital
Change
Across the Transition to Parenthood,” Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 1986,
abstract only.
Rivers and Barnett. “Housework
Gap Closes for Dual Earner Couples,” Women’s e-
News, 11-26-05.
Week 9: Divorce
I Divorce
Betzig, Laura. “Causes of
Conjugal Dissolution, A Cross-Cultural Study,” Current
Anthropology,
30(5), pp. 658-669.
Hurley, Dan. “Divorce Rate: It’s
Not as High as You Think,”
“Catching a Divorce,”
McGue, Matt and David T. Lykken.
“Genetic Influence on Risk of Divorce,”
Psychological Science,
Nov. 1992, p. 368.
Riessman, Catherine K. Divorce Talk, pp. 6-7, 24-39, 46-47,
52-59, 174-197.
Blumstein and Schwartz. American Couples: Money, Work, Sex, pp.
311-312.
“De
Beauvoir and Divorce,” The Family in
II Policy
Duenwald, Mary. “Two Portraits
of Divorce,”
Zinmeister, Karl. “Marriage Matters,”
The American
Talbot, Margaret. “Love,
American Style,” The New Republic,
April 14, 1997.
Popenoe, David. “Murphy Brown,
Redux,” The Weekly Standard, July 27,
1998.
Akers, Paul, “Walkaway Wives,” The American
Glendon, Mary Ann. The Transformation of Family Law, pp.
191-196.
Ruig-Franzia, Manuel. “In
May 4,
2003.
“Grounds for Divorce,”
(abstract) The Family in
Russo, Francine. “Can the
Government Prevent Divorce?” Atlantic
Monthly, October
1997.
Vobejda, Barbara. “Critics,
Seeking Change, Fault ‘No-Fault’ Divorce Laws for High
Rates,”
“More Good News About Divorce,”
Institute for American Values,
“Does Divorce Make People Happy,” 7/11/02, pp. 1-4.
10/9/02.
McManus, Michael. “Why is it in
the Government’s Interest to Save Marriages,”
Testimony
before
.
Week 10: Cognition
I Cognition Differences: Theory and Findings
Baron-Cohen,
Simon. The Essential Difference, pp. 152-154, 158-159, 162-169, 57-60,
69-79,
133-143.
Kimura, Doreen. “Sex Differences
in the Brain,” Scientific American,
1992, p. 119-125.
Lubinski, David, Camilla Persson
Benbow, and Cheryl E. Sanders. “Reconceptualizing
Gender
Differences in Achievement Among the
Gifted,” pp. 699-705 in
K.A.
Heller et al. eds., International
Handbook of Research and Development of
Giftedness and Talent
(
Pool, Robert. Eve’s Rib, 1994, pp. 55-63.
Lips, Hillary. Sex and Gender, 1997, pp. 164-167.
Suplee, Curt. “Sexes Shown to
Think Differently,”
Suplee, Curt. “Neurobiology: Why
the Gender Gap,”
McGuinness, Diane. When Children Don’t Learn,
23,
83-84, 89-90, 125-142.
Wilkinson, Amy E. “In Her New
Book, Lani Guinier Says It’s Time for New Teaching
Methods,”
BeVier, Lillian, “Is Lani
Guinier Right? Women in Law Schools,” Ex
Femina, April
1998.
Zhao,
Yilu. “Beyond Sweetie,” New York Times, 11-04.
II Tests, Grades, and Accomplishments
Xiguang, Li. “Mental Ability
Tests Show Sharp Differences by Sex,”
July 7,
1995.
“White Men Outscore All Women on
Medical Exam,”
Arenson, Karen W. “College Board
Revises Test to Improve Chances for Girls,” New
Alaimo, Kara. “New SAT Could
Shrink Test’s Gender Gap,” WeNews, 3/15/05.
Nakashima, Ellen. “Where in the
World are Girls in Geography? Greater Number of
Lavon, Neal. “Girl Grievance,”
Data on Education Results By
Gender, The American
III Gender and High School Achievement: Role of
Natural Differences, Social Factors, and Discrimination
7/14/98.
Stabiner, Karen. “Where the
Girls Aren’t,”
Hulbert, Ann. “Boy Problems,” New York
Times, 4/3/05.
IV Single-Sex Education
Sax, Leonard. Why Gender
Matters (
Zwerling, Elizabeth. “
eNews, 6/3/01.
Strauss, Valerie, “Equal Opportunity
Learning: Gender Differences Prompt Teachers to
Try
Tactics Geared to Both,”
Goodman, Ellen. “Single Sex Ed
Makes the Wrong Assumptions,” The Daily
Progress,
5/17/02.
Longo,
Robert. “Why Same Sex and Coed Classes are Equally Beneficial, if Experienced
at the
Right Time,” 11-04.
Week 11: Occupational Segregation and the Glass Ceiling
I Background
Tannen, Deborah. You Just Don’t Understand, pp. 236-237.
Major, Brenda, Dean McFarlin,
and Diana Gagnon. “Overworked and Underpaid: On the
Nature
of Gender Differences in Personal Entitlement,” Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology
47(6), 1984, p. 1399.
Associated Press. “Young Female
Doctors Reach Pay Parity With Men,”
Post, April 11,
1996.
“Working Women,” The
Downey, Kristin. “Women Rising
in Corporate Ranks, Report Says,”
11/19/02.
II Possible Biological Influences on Occupation &
Occupational Achievement
Dabbs, James M. “Testosterone
and Occupational Achievement,” Social
Forces 30(3),
March
1992, p. 813.
Purifoy, Frances E. and Lambert
H. Koopmans. “Andostenedione, Testosterone, and Free
Testosterone
Concentration in Women of Various Occupations,” Social Biology
26(3),
Fall 1979, p. 179.
Kimura, Doreen. “Commentary on
the Report of the 5th Canadian Conference of Women
in
Engineering, Science and Technology,
Bulletin, 1994.
Hines, Melissa (and Kimura
response). “Sex Ratios at Work,” Scientific
American, 2/93.
Walter,
Erica. “Cops and Gender P.C.,” American
III Contrasting
Explanations
“Sex Bias Cited in Vocational
Ed,”
Goldin, Claudia and Cecilia
Rouse. “Orchestrating Impartiality: The Impact of ‘Blind’
Auditions
on Female Musicians,” NBER working paper #5903, Jan. 1997, abstract only.
Williams, Joan. “Deconstructing
Gender,” in Bartlett and Kennedy, pp. 95-123.
Browne, Kingsley. Biology at Work, pp. 35-45, 53-55,
61-66, 69-88.
Williams, Joan. “Why Moms Stay
Home,”
Stahl, Leslie. “Staying at
Home,” 60 Minutes, CBS News, 10/10/04.
Nemko, Marty. “Men Driven to an Early Grave,”
Mensnewsdaily.com, 11/5/03.
Hakim, Catherine. Work-Lifestyle Choices in the 21st
Century (Oxford, 2000) pp. 94-103.
IV The Glass Ceiling
Tannen, Deborah. “The Glass
Ceiling,” Talking From 9 to 5, New
York: Avon, 1994, pp.
132-144,
151-159, reread 196-198.
Gallese, Liz Roman. “Blame Male
Managers,” Across the Board, April
1991, pp. 19-22.
Rhode, Deborah. Speaking of Sex, (Harvard University
Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1997),
pp.
141-149.
Morris, Betsy. “Executive Women Confront
Midlife Crisis,” Fortune, Sept. 1995,
pp. 45-51.
Kingsley Browne vs. Rosalind
Arden. “Sex at Work,” Prospect, Oct.
1998, pp. 16-20.
Hymowitz, Carol. “Women Put
Noses to the Grindstone, And Miss Opportunities,” Wall
Street
Journal, 2/3/04.
Tierney, John. “What Women
Want,” New York Times, 5/24/05.
Kinsley, Michael. ”He Wrote, She
Wrote,” Los Angeles Times, 3/20/05.
Sullivan, Amy. “Silent Femme,”
3/22/05.
Smardz,
Zofia. “Just Give it a Shot, Girls,” Washington Post, 3/27/05.
V Women in Combat
Browne, Kingsley, “Coed Combat,”
Chapter Outline for Book Manuscript 2004.
Wojack, Adam, “Integrating Women
Into the Infantry,” Military Review, Nov/Dec 2002.
O’Bierne, Kate, “When Lives Are
at Stake,” Ex Femina, September 1997,
pp. 10-13.
Pictures of male Marines in
Afghanistan, Washington Post,
11/30/01 and female Marine
recruit
at Parris Island, 4/28/02.
Week 13: Women in the University and Parental Leave
Policy
I Female Professors and American Universities
Browne, Kingsley. Women in
Science: Biological Factors Should Not Be Ignored, pp. 15-
17,
23-25, 29-30.
“President Summers’ Remarks at
the National Bureau of Economic Research,” 1/14/05
(selections).
Pinker –Spelke debate,
selections.
Chang, Kenneth. “Women in
Physics Match Men in Success,” New York Times, 2/22/05.
Goodman, Ellen. “Can Women Have
It All,” Boston Globe, 1/23/05.
Glazer, Sarah. “Gender and
Learning,” CQ Researcher,
5/20/05, pg.
448-49 graphs only.
Composition and Women’s Choices
of College Majors,” Industrial and Labor
Relations
Review 48(3),
April 1995, pp. 486-488 and 499-500 only.
Selvin, Paul. “Does the Harrison
Case Reveal Sexism in Math?” Science,
June 28, 1991,
p.
1781.
Cole, John S. and Zuckerman,
Harriet. “The Productivity Puzzle: Persistence and Change
in
Patterns of Publication of Men and Women Scientists,” pp. 217-218 (abstract),
Steinkamp,
Marjorie and Maehr, Martin L., eds., Advances
in Motivation and
Achievement
(Greenwich, Conn: JAI Press, 1984.
“Shameful,” Economist, May 24, 1997, p. 79.
Carr, Phyllis, et al. “Relation
of Family Responsibilities and Gender in the Productivity
and
Career Satisfaction of Medical Faculty,” Annals
of Internal Medicine,
October
1, 1998, p. 532 only.
Laine, Christine. “On Being Dr.
Mom,” Annals of Internal Medicine,
October 1, 1998.
Drago, Robert and Joan Williams.
“A Half Time Tenure Track Proposal,” Change,
11/02.
Bartlett, Thomas. “Women Who
Have Children Early in Their Careers Hurt Their
Chances
to Achieve Tenure,” from The Chronicle of
Higher Education, 2/12/02.
II Parental Leave in U.S. and Europe
Reid, T.R. “Norway Pays a Price
for Family Values,” The Washington Post,
11/1/98.
Kamerman, Sheila. “Parental
Leave Policies: An Essential Ingredient in Early Childhood
Education
and Care Policies,” Social Policy Report
(Society for Research in Child
Development)
XIV(2), 2000, pp. 1, 3-15.
Knudsen, Jens. “Parental Leave
in Scandinavia and the United States,” 5/02 excerpts.
Rhoads. Taking Sex
Differences Seriously, Ch. 1.
Rhoads, Steven and Chris.
“Gender Roles and Post-Birth Leaves,” charts only.
Week 14: The Contemporary Debate
I Background
Span, Paula. “Television Tunes
in to Real Differences Between the Sexes,” Washington
Post, March 16,
1999.
“Reality Check: The Gender
Revolution,” Washington Post, March
22, 1998.
Ginty, Molly M. “Sleep
Deprivation Threatens Women’s Health,” 3/28/05.
II Differing Perspectives
Goldberg, Steven. Why Men Rule, 1993, pp. 224-229.
Angier, Natalie. “Men, Women,
Sex and Darwin,” New York Times Magazine,
2/21/99.
Tiger, Lionel. “The Human Nature
Project,” Bradley lecture at AEI, 12/9/02.
Steinem, Gloria. “Reving Up for
the Next 25 Years,” Ms., Sept. 1997,
pp. 82-84.
Graglia, Carolyn F. The Housewife as Pariah, (The Institute
of United States Studies,
University
of London, 1997).
Young, Cathy. “Sex and
Sensibility,” Reason, March 1999.
Pollit, Kathy. “Marooned on Gilligan’s
Island: Are Women Morally Superior to Men?” in
Reasonable Creatures: Essays on Women and Feminism, 1994, pp. 42-62.
Crittenden, Danielle. Ch. 2 from
What Our Mothers Didn’t Tell Us,
(Simon
and Schuster, 1999).
Cathy cartoon.
Rhoads. Taking Sex Differences
Seriously, Conclusion.