S THOUSANDS of Americans cross the Atlantic each year, and thousands more are contem- plating a tour abroad at no distant day, it may be that the hints here given will prove welcome to those who have not had the experience, and gained the knowledge of the  “ins and outs”

of a Continental tour. A complete list of baths and watering places of Europe, with the curative qualities claimed, is added, and can be relied upon as correct. THE FIRST STEP. The first step to be taken by the intending traveler, and one that is essential to the full enjoyment of the trip, is to determine the amount of time that can be devoted to it, and then arrange the route accordingly. To save many annoyances the traveler should have an intelligent understanding  with regard to the places he

or she intends to visit and what is to be seen, thus saving time and adding greatly to one's enjoyment. If difficulty is experienced in making up a route, the writer would suggest that an application or letter of inquiry be addressed to one of the several “Travelers’ Bureaus” located in New York and other leading cities, who will promptly furnish all information and the best advice possible on all matters pertaining to travel by all routes, in all parts of the world, as well as estimates of cost for the same.

After deciding on the line of steamers to be patronized and the probable time of sailing, berth or stateroom should at once be secured. It is customary to pay a deposit of $25 on each berth retained;  this payment secures the berth up to a

week or ten days prior to the sailing, at which time the full amount of passage must be paid.

PASSPORTS.

Passports now-a-days are scarcely needed by American travelers except in visiting Spain, Portugal, Russia, Turkey and Egypt. Still, one of these documents will be found of great use in obtaining admission to various buildings in Europe, and in claiming letters at postoffices, or registered baggage. It should always be carried upon the person— not in a trunk or valise. Application should be made to the State Department, Washington, D. C. Below will be found an extract from the general instructions issued by the Department of State: “When the applicant is a native citizen of the United States he must transmit his own affidavit of this fact, stating his age and place of birth with the affidavit of one other citizen of the United States to whom he is personally known, stating that the declaration made by the applicant is true. These affidavits must be attested by a Notary Public under his signature and seal of office. When there is no Notary in the place the affidavits may be made before a Justice of the Peace or other other authorized to administer oaths; but if he has no seal his official act must be authenticated by certificate of a Court of Record.”

“Any person born abroad, who claims that his father was a native citizen of the United States, must state in his affidavit that his father was born in the United States, has resided therein, and was a citizen of the same at the time of the applicant's birth. This affidavit must be supported by that of one other citizen acquainted with the facts.”

“If the applicant be a naturalized citizen, his certificate of naturalization must be transmitted for inspection (it will be returned with passport), and he must state in his affidavit that he is the identical person described in the certificate presented.” The government fee for passport is $5.00.

LETTERS OF INTRODUCTION.

Letters of introduction to foreign omeers or to American representatives abroad, or to private gentlemen in Europe, will be found of great value. They should come from public men of prominence  when addressed to the former;  when used they

should be delivered in person to the person to whom they are addressed.

BAGGAGE.

Avoid overloading with unnecessary articles and pack, ages,taking only what is absolutely necessary. Remember that rates are very high for extra baggage, also remember that there is no system of baggage checks in use there as in America, all baggage being weighed there and a printed receipt given, showing thereon the number of pieces consigned, the weight and amount paid for its transportation. All baggage must be delivered at the station at least ten minutes before the train leaves. On ocean steamers each passenger is allowed 100 pounds of baggage, and on the continent of Europe each passenger is allowed an average of 56 pounds of personal baggage, except in Italy and Switzerland, where all registered baggage must be paid for according to tariff.

All travelers should provide themselves with a good, strongly built wooden or leather trunk; the most convenient and best sized is what is known as the cabin trunk, and should be about 26 inches long by 15 or 18 wide, and 12 or 15 deep, thus enabling them to go under the stateroom berths. Almost any trunk dealer can supply them. See that the trunk has a strong lock and one or two good straps firmly attached; the name of the owner and place of residence should be plainly painted upon it. Avoid the Saratoga or extra large trunks.

A shawl strap, together with a “grip sack,” will be found indispensable. A steamer chair is very desirable for the ocean voyage; these can be purchased at the point of sailing for from $2.50 to $4.50 each; they should bear upon the back the owner's name.

On the day of sailing baggage should be forwarded to the pier from which the steamer sails and expressed in the care of the baggage master of the steamship company. On arrival at the docks it should be claimed and consigned to the cabin steward, who will place it in the stateroom. During the voyage passengers can have access to their baggage in the hold by making application to the purser. All baggage required during the voyage should be marked: “Wanted,” and baggage that is not required should be labeled “Not wanted.” This can be done at the office of the baggage master of the company. When claiming baggage upon arriving at destination extra and surplus

baggage containing clothing worn on the voyage can be stored in London at the American or other Exchanges. In traveling the following rule in reference to baggage should be observed: Upon departure from the hotel for another city the trunks and hand baggage should be packed, locked and strapped before leaving the apartments. The porters will then remove the baggage, see that the trunks are conveyed to the sation, handing you the “hand baggage” upon entering the omnibus after leaving the hotel for the station. Avoid being in a hurry; go to the boat, train, diligence or other conveyance in ample season, so that all needed arrangements can be made without pressure for want of time. You thereby save your temper and loss of money.

FEES.

The system of fees prevailing in Great Britain and the Continent of Europe is a great source of annoyance to travelers, not so much from the amount of money involved as for being obliged to fee servants, cabmen, guides, etc., in addition to the regular pay received by them for services rendered. This custom has existed for years, and will probably continue to exist. On Atlantic steamers the steward or stewardess expect a fee, ordinarily from five dollars downward, according to services rendered. The payment of fees to hotel servants is entirely optional. The baggage porter expects a small fee for removing baggage. The porter or doorkeeper expects a fee, and as one may get considerable information out of him, there is no objection to this. It is necessary also to pay certain fees in order to gain admission to churches, galleries and other places. Usually one franc (or twenty cents) is ample for admitting one, two or three persons, excepting when a special fixed charge is made. Fees are only paid in churches in order to see some special chapel or part not thrown open to the public.

UNITED STATES CONSULS

or Vice-Consuls are stationed at all important ports and towns, and they will be found always willing to assist travelers whenever misunderstandings or other difficulties may arise.

HOTELS.

The traveler should always determine before arrival, upon the hotel where he intends to put up.

Agents from the principal hotels and omnibuses meet all express trains on arrival, and to the authorized representative of the hotel selected the traveler should deliver his baggage receipt. Baggage will then be claimed and conveyed to the hotel, in most cases in the same omnibus with the traveler. Charges for this service are rendered in the bill.

It is always best to have an understanding beforehand with regard to prices for bedroom and meals at the office of the hotel on arrival, so that no disagreement may afterward arise.

In England soap will be found in all the bedrooms, but not so on the Continent, and it is well to be always prepared with a piece of this useful article. Candles are charged extra, and, with the exception of Great Britain, gas is rarely found in bedrooms.

Doors should always be locked on leaving the room and the key let in the office or with the porter, the proprietor then being responsible for the safety of the room. When intending to depart, notice should be given to the office and bills be paid the night before and the baggage seen to, thereby avoiding undue excitement and hurry at the last moment.

RAILWAY TRAVEL IN EUROPE.

American travelers who visit Europe for the first time cannot fail to be struck with the forcible contrast in the system of railroads, and especially with the difference existing between our cars and those running there. In almost every country in Europe there are three classes of cars, viz; First, second and third. Express trains on the Continent have no third-class and in a great many cases are formed exclusively of first-class coaches. The first-class is best for long journeys, and second-class are not recommended except in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. The cars are of an entirely different construction from those in America. Each car is generally divided into four compartments, these compartments being entered at each end through a door in the side of the carriage. The different classes are distinguished by having on the outside of the doors, and occasionally on the inside, the class marked, namely, First, second or third class, so that travelers can readily recognize where to locate.

Ladies traveling alone will generally find a compartment specially reserved for them. A smoking-carriage will be found on almost every train. Sleeping-cars are to be found on many English and  Continental railways.  Pullman cars run in Great

Britain and on the Continent; early application must be made for accommodation when required.

Coup&eaigu;s are also much used, and places can be secured through payment of a supplemental fee at the station on departure. Railway officials, as a general rule, will be found very courteous and willing to assist travelers whenever opportunity arises.

CARRIAGES.

In all the principal cities of Great Britain and the Continent of Europe the tariff of fares is usually posted in every public cab or carriage, and as a rule prices will be found reasonable. To avoid misunderstandings, however, when the traveler is engaging a conveyance he should inform the driver whether he wishes it by the course or by the hour. In addition to the rate given in the tariff, it is customary to give the driver a small gratuity. Omnibuses for the leading hotels will be found at Continental stations; these are cheaper than carriages, and the fare is charged in your hotel bill.

LANGUAGES.

To be able to speak the language of any country one visits is no doubt a great advantage, which may save one from many of the inconveniences and annoyances incidental to travel in foreign lands. But one need not remain at home because not a linguist. An American who is entirely ignorant of every language except his own can travel from one end of Europe to the other without encountering any very serious trouble, for the reason that English is spoken by all hotel-keepers, waiters, guides at railway stations, and by others with whom the traveler is brought in contact; therefore ignorance of foreign languages is no longer a bar to foreign travel. Phrase-books may be found of service, and a few useful phrases and numbers in French, German and Italian can be easily learned.

GUIDE-BOOKS, BOOKS OF TRAVEL, AND MAPS.

Before entering upon a tour the intending traveler should have some knowledge of the geography and present condition of the countries he intends to visit. It is therefore desirable to read before starting what others have written of the places which are to be visited, and thus become familiarized with their history, costumes, sights, civil and political institutions, etc., which can be supplied by any bookseller.

WEARING APPAREL.

For an ocean voyage it will be necessary to prepare for all kinds of weather, and warm clothing is indispensable even in the summer months, and as everything is liable to rough usage, old clothes are to be preferred. While no rule can be laid down, and the traveler must be governed largely by his ordinary tastes and habits, a few suggestions may be of service. For ladies, in addition to hoods, shawls and other warm wraps to guard against cold winds, a navy blue or other dark serge or woolen material made up plainly, thick underclothing, thick boots with rubber sales or overshoes, close fitting hat or cap with very little trimming, and a waterproof or ulster¹ thick veils are to be preferred to shade hats as a medium for protecting the face from sun burning, as they can be retained on the head more easily. Discard feathers and flower trimming. Valuable jewelry should be left at home; a single plain set to be worn at all times, being preferable, as it will lessen the care and anxiety of the owner while traveling. For use on the Continent a traveling and walking dress and a black suit for receptions, concerts and all dress occasions, are all that is required. A wrapper² will be found useful, and thick walking boots and a light pair of shoes for dress shonid be provided.

Gentlemen should select warm clothing for the Atlantic voyage, and suits should be either gray or navy blue, in which the wearer can take solid comfort without fear of damage by salt water. Overcoats or ulsters and rugs will be found invaluable. Caps or soft hats are preferable to stiff or tall ones for deck wear. For traveling on land a traveling suit in addition to a black suit for receptions and other occasions, will be needed. It is often desirable to have a dress suit, though not absolutely necessary, as they can be hired from tailors at slight expense. A duster³, a waterproof coat and an umbrella, stout enough to serve the purposes of a cane, should be taken.

The quantity of underclothing required either for ladies or gentlemen will depend largely upon personal habits. These should be amply sufficient, however, to last the wearer at least a fortnight without suffering inconvenience. A traveler's outfit should also comprise a case with needles, thread, buttons, etc., a small scrap book, writing case, knife, scissors, corkscrew, a package or two of address or business cards, toilet soap and such other articles as are daily called into requisition and may prove useful; arrange the various articles so that they shall be easy of access when desired.

A most valuable and necessary article to possess is a good field or opera-glass—one with strong powers of definition and of long range of sight. It should have a strap attached by which it can be carried over the shoulder. A pocket- compass is almost invaluable.

WASHING.—At all hotels in Europe extensive facilities are afforded for getthg washing done expeditiously and at comparatively moderate charges; and as the traveler will make frequent halts, a single day, and in some cases a single night, will suffice for getting the work done. The waiters or chambermaids will, on application, furnish printed lists, which should be filled up with the number of articles and the day and hour you wish them returned. The clothes should be made up in a bundle and delivered to the chambermaid as soon as possible after arrival.

CUSTOM HOUSE REGULATIONS.

Passengers are required to be present at the examination of their baggage by the Custom House officers at the different frontiers. Little trouble will be experienced by ordinary travelers; the search is often a matter of form, and the declaration of anything which may be liable to duty will prevent unpleasantness. Travelers should be in readiness with their keys, and help the officers in the performance of their duty. When passing your own baggage you will find that courtesy and civility go a long way. Never be in a hurry, collect your packages and open them one by one yourself and lock one before the next is visited. Remember that the officers are only doing their duty, but can make that duty very disagreeable in return for any want of courtesy.

MONEYS AND CREDITS.

Before embarking for Europe travelers would do well to provide themselves with at least £5 English money, this amount to be made up of sovereigns and shillings, to pay incidental expenses on shipboard and on landing. Foreign moneys are bought and sold or exchanged at the current rates of the day at any banking house.

Travelers should never carry a large amount of cash on their persons or in their baggage, but they will find it of great use to have plenty of small change on hand.

Letters of credit, circular notes and circular drafts from £1 upward are issued by banks and bankers to travelers and will be cashed at any bank in Europe and the East.

MEDICINES.

Before undertaking a journey it would be as well to consult one's attending physician, who may suggest some simple remedies to be taken along as a preventive of sickness. Ailments while traveling result mainly from change of diet and water. While we do not pretend to prescribe for any one in particular, among the remedies to be taken may be enumerated the following: Anti-bilious pills, seidlitz powders⁴, quinine, extract of ginger, porous and court plaster, ammonia, arnica⁵ or some other kind of liniment, and a measuring glass for medicine should not be omitted.

Under ordinary circumstances, and with very few exceptions, sea-sickness is the most serious complaint that travelers have to suffer in undertaking a trip to Europe. There are many remedies that have been prescribed to alleviate this complaint, but in most cases without avail. The victim should bear up as courageously as possible, remembering that it is only a temporary ailment, and, above all things, keep in the open air upon deck as long as he can stand it. Dr. Beard's⁶ favorite remedy is one ounce of bromide of sodium dissolved in four ounces of water; a tea-spoonful taken three times a day before eating, may be found serviceable. To obtain the desired effect, this remedy should be taken three days before starting on the ocean voyage.

The following treatment has also been experimented by travelers with good results: The night previous to sailing take a blue pill-ten grains-just before going to bed, and upon getting up the next morning take a dose of citrate of magnesia, then a hearty breakfast, and go on board.

LETTERS AND TELEGRAMS.

Travelers should make their headquarters at one of the American Exchanges found in all of the principal cities of Europe. Mail matter or telegrams addressed to them, in such care, can be obtained every day and hour throughout the year.

All who have traveled in Europe appreciate the importance of having one central address for mails from the United States. Delays arising from change of route, and other unexpected revisions of plans, are thus obviated, a fixed address giving to the traveler the advantages of settled headquarters for correspondence, messages, etc. These Exchanges are unquestionably the best points for establishing this position. Travelers leaving with the Manager an outline of their route of travel, or permanent address, prior to their departure for the Continent, can have letters, papers, etc., forwarded to them promptly on arrival.

Under the new Postal Treaty, letters, newspapers, etc., on which the postage is correctly prepaid, can be re-addressed and re-mailed from London to any country within the postal union without any additional cost.

COURIERS AND SERVANTS.

Until within a few years this class was considered a necessity. Owing to the improved facilities in modern travel, however, couriers and servants are now deemed a luxury that can be enjoyed only by travelers with plenty of time and means at their command.

1. Ulster: A long, loose overcoat of rough cloth, frequently with a belted waist.

2. Wrapper: A (women's) outer garment, designed to envelop all or most of the figure.

3. Duster: A light cloak or wrap worn to keep off dust.

4. Seidlitz powders: A medicine consisting of two powders, one of tartaric acid and the other of a mixture of potassium tartrate and sodium bicarbonate, to be dissolved and taken separately. The name derives from a medicinal spa in Bohemia.

5. Arnica: A remedy made from the arnica or "mountain tobacco" plant, used to prevent cramps.

6. Dr. Beard: Possibly George Miller Beard, M.D. (1839-1883), an early student of nervous diseases and coiner of the term “neurasthenia.”