GFCP 242 POLITICS OF MODERNITY

Instructor: Echeverri-Gent

Office: 145 Cabell, Ph: 924-3968,

E-mail: jee8p@virginia.edu

Office Hours: Tuesday and Thursday 4:50-5:50PM or by appt.

 

                This course is designed to investigate the development of modern society and how modernity has shaped politics through the study of three classic theorists:  Karl Marx, Max Weber, and Emile Durkheim.  We will also have a brief introduction to the work of Michel Foucault.  While each of the classic theorists shared a belief in the Enlightenment credo of progress through history, each was profoundly ambivalent about the changes brought on by modernity.  Foucault is much more pessimistic about the enlightenment project.  In his own way, he amplifies some of the classic theorists concerns.  We will attempt to understand each scholar's mixture of optimism and concern by comparing their examination of key features of modern society including: capitalism, rationality, division of labor, alienation, the nation-state, and modern legal system.  Each theorist believed that the development of modern society had a profound impact on politics.  We will examine the ways in which modernity affects politics and the prospects for politics to redress problems of modern society. 

 

                The course begins with a brief effort to come to terms with the proliferation of modern organization in contemporary society and how it affects our lives.  Next, we briefly consider the contribution of science to the temperament and world view of modernity.  We then critically examine how capitalism has shaped modernity.  We investigate different aspects of the relationship between modernity and the nation-state.  In this examination we play particular attention to state formation, bureaucracy, legal systems, and modern systems of social discipline. 

 

                The course is meant as an introductory survey.  Students can take it with no previous background as long as they are willing to keep up with the reading.  There is extensive and sometimes difficult reading.  Students should be careful to budget their time to keep up with the assignments.

 

                Students will be evaluated in four ways:

                                1. Expression of your questions and opinions plays an important role in making class a stimulating experience for everyone.  As a consequence, class participation, including attendance, will account for 10 percent of your final grade.

                                2. Students will be required to write two sets of essays concerning issues raised by the course.  These essays will address issues arising from our course readings.  Each set will be worth 25 percent of the final grade.  Questions for the first set of essays will be handed out on September 27.  They are due on October 9.  Questions for the second exam will be handed out on November 1.  They will be due at the beginning of class on November 13.

                                3. The third component of their grade, students will write an open-book, take-home final examination.  This last exercise will consist of two 5-6 page essays.  The final exam will be distributed at the end of class on December 4. All finals and papers should be turned in to Cabell 232 no later than 5:00 PM on December 12.

 

                Books available for purchase are also on reserve at Clemons library.  Articles not included in these books are available through electronic reserves linked to the ITC Toolkit website.

 

                The following books are available for purchase at Newcomb Hall Bookstore:

Marshall Berman.  All That Is Solid Melts Into Air.  New York: Penguin, 1988.

Emile Durkheim.  The Division of Labor in Society.  New York: The Free Press, 1984.

Michel Foucault.  Discipline and Punish.  New York: Vintage, 1977.

H.H. Gerth and C.W. Mills.  From Max Weber.  Oxford University Press, 1946.

George Ritzer.  The McDonaldization Thesis.  Sage 1998.

Robert C. Tucker.  The Marx-Engels Reader.  New York: W.W. Norton, 1978.

Max Weber.  The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism.  London Routledge.

 

 

CLASS ASSIGNMENTS

 

 

1.August 30  Introduction

                No assignment

 

I. McDONALD’S AS MODERNITY

2. September 4 Bureaucracy: Efficiency or Red Tape?

                Ritzer, pp. 1-99. (You are not responsible for this due to confusion at the bookstore.)

 

3. September 6  Modernity: Liberation or Imprisonment? Appearances and Reality?

                Ritzer, pp. 59-119.

                Jeremy Rifkin, “Anatomy of a Cheeseburger,” Grantha 38 (Winter 1991) pp. 87-102.

 

II.  THEORETICAL UNDERPINNINGS OF MARX AND WEBER’S ANALYSIS

4. September 11 Context and Meaning: Historical Materialism

                Karl Marx, "The German Ideology," in Tucker, pp. 146-200.

                Extra Credit Assignment I is due:  See “ Memento” and write 300 word essay on the importance of time and context for meaning in the film.  Can meaning be independent of context?  Does time or sequence affect meaning?  How does this relate to historical materialism?

 

5. September 13  Max Weber: Multi-causal Explanation and the Virtues of "Theoretical Tensions"

                Randall Collins, Max Weber: A Skeleton Key, pp. 9-79.

 

III. SCIENCE AND THE MODERN TEMPERAMENT

6. September 18 The Scientific “Revolution” and the Development of Modern Social Theory

                Stephen Toulmin.  Cosmopolis: The Hidden Agenda of Modernity.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990, pp. 89-137.

                Max Weber,  “Science as a Vocation,” in Gerth and Mills From Max Weber pp. 129-156;

 

IV. MODERNISM AND CAPITALISM

 

7. September 20  Modernism as Change

Marshall Berman.  All That is Solid Melts Into Air. Pp. 5-86.

 

8 . September 25 Modernism, Change and Globalization

                Marshall Berman.  All That is Solid Melts Into Air. Pp. 87-129;

                Karl Marx and Frederich Engels, "Manifesto of the Communist Party, in Tucker, pp. 469-500.

 

9. September 27  Alienation and History

Karl Marx “Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts,” in Tucker, pp. 66-125.

                Extra Credit Assignment II is due:  See either “Fight Club” or “The Story of Adelle ‘H’”  Write a 300 word essay explaining how the film depicts alienation.  Who is alienated?  What are the consequences of alienation for his or her life.  In what ways is the depiction of alienation in the film consistent with Marx’s understanding ?  In what ways does it contradict it?

 

*** Essays Questions will be distributed at the end of class on September 27.  They will be due at the beginning of class on October 9.

 

10 .October 2  Ideas, Callings, and the Rise of Modern Capitalism

                Max Weber, Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism pp. 13-78.  

 

11. October 4  The Rationality of Irrationality

                Max Weber, Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism pp. 79-127; 155-185.

 

 

12. October 9   Primitive Accumulation and Institutional Explanations for the Rise of Capitalism

                Marx in Tucker, pp 431-38.

                Max Weber, General Economic History pp. 275-369.

*** First essays are due at the beginning of class.

 

13. October 11   The Structural Dynamics of Capitalism

                Capital Vol. I in Tucker pp. 302-376.

 

October 16  Fall Break, Enjoy!

 

14. October 18  The Division of Labor and the Rise of Capitalism

                Capital Vol. I in Tucker pp. 376-438.

                Extra Credit Assignment III is due:  See “Modern Times.” Write a 300 word essay explaining how the film depicts the consequences of the machine and the assembly line for modern life. In what ways is the depiction consistent with that presented by Marx?  In what ways does it contradict it?  Which points of view do you find more persuasive?

 

15. October 23  Formation of the Modern state

                14 Charles Tilly, “War Making and State Making as Organized Crime,” in Peter B. Evans et al. eds. Bringing the State back in , pp. 169-91.

                Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities pp. 36-46*(NB p. 36 is the concluding section of chapter 2)

                Karl Marx, “On the Jewish Question,” in Tucker 25-52.

                Anthony W. Marx, Making Race and Nation pp. 1-24.

               

16. October 25  The Question of State Autonomy

                Marx “18th Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte,” in Tucker pp. 594-617.

                Jon Elster, Making Sense of Marx, pp. 398-428.

 

17. October 30  Ideal-Types and Political Development

Max Weber, "The Types of Legitimate Domination," in Max Weber Economy and Society vol 1.

pp. 212-298.

 

18. November 1  Bureaucracy: The Infrastructure of the Modern State

                Max Weber, "Bureaucracy," in Gerth and Mills From Max Weber pp. 196-244;

*** Recommended: David Beetham, "The Limits of Bureaucratic Rationality," in Max Weber and the Theory of Modern Politics, pp. 63-89.

*** Essay topics will be passed out at the end of class.  They will be due at the beginning of class on November 13.

 

19. November 6  The Ambiguities of Political Leadership

                Max Weber, "Politics as a vocation," in Gerth and Mills pp. 77-128. 

 

20. November 8  The Pluralism of Social Organization

                Max Weber, "Class, status, and party," in Geerth and Mills, pp. 180-195; Collins, pp. 132-38; and David Beetham, "Society, Class and State: Germany," Max Weber and the Theory of Modern Politics pp. 151-179.

***Second essay is due at the beginning of class.

 

21. November 13  Types of Solidarity and Types of Legal Systems

                Emile Durkheim, The Division of Labor in Society, pp. ix-xxx; 1-100.

 

22.  November 15  The Dynamics of Change and the Social Underpinnings of Contracts

                The Division of Labor in Society, pp. 101-175.

               

23. November 20  Social and Political Consequences

                The Division of Labor in Society, pp. 269-341.

 

November 22 Thanksgiving Vacation !!!!

 

THE DISCIPLINE OF MODERNITY

 

24. November 27  From Torture to ‘Gentle Punishment’

                Michel Foucault, Discipline and Punish, pp. 3-131.

 

25. November 29  ‘Docile Bodies’ and ‘Correct Training’

                Michel Foucault, Discipline and Punish, pp.135-194.

 

26. December 4  The Disciplinary Society

                Michel Foucault, Discipline and Punish, pp. 195-308.

*** Questions for the final essays will be distributed after class.  They will be due no later than 5:00 PM December 12.  Exams should be turned into Cabell 232.

 

27. December 6 Escape from Rationality?

                Lawrence Scaff, "Fleeing the Iron Cage: Politics and Culture in the thought of Max Weber," American Political Science Review 737-56; and David Beetham, "Weber as a Protagonist of Bourgeois Values," in Max Weber and the Theory of Modern Politics pp. 36-62.

                Ritzer, pp. 117-191.