Literary sources
o Vitruvius, On Architecture
o Frontinus, On Aqueducts

Greek Temples
o 3 Orders: Doric, Ionic, Corinthian
o Central (360 º) orientation
o "Post & lintel" construction

Traditional ('Tuscan') Temple
o Based on Etruscan pattern
o Raised, frontal orientation
o Sited in rectangular precinct (templum)
o Materials: tufa, travertine
o EX: Square temple in Forum Boarium (Temple of Portunus?), II BC (Greek influence)

Round Temple, Forum Boarium, early I BC
o Marble, Corinthian columns

Concrete
o Rubble + water
o "Pozzolana" (pulvis putoleanus)
o -> Arches, vaults, domes

Sanctuary of Fortuna, Praeneste (II/I BC)
o Multi-level sacred complex
o Gradual elevation/exaltation

Nero's Golden House (Domus Aurea)

Flavian Amphitheater ("Colosseum")

Markets of Trajan

Hadrian's Pantheon, Rome
o Replaces Agrippa's temple (burned 80)
o Hellenizing front + innovative dome
o Central light-hole (oculus)

Hadrian's Villa, Tivoli
o Units inspired by places H. visited
o Egyptian Canopus (Antinous)

Engineering & Urban Building

Road-building

Harbor Construction
o Ostia & Portus (Claudius, Trajan)

Aqueducts
o Aqua Claudia, Rome, 312 BC
o Pont du Gard, Nimes (France), 20 BC

Forum Architecture
o Basilica Ulpiana (Trajan)

Theaters
o Theater of Pompey, 55 BC (no remains)
o Theater of Marcellus, 11 BC

Amphitheaters (Greek amphi = around)

Baths
o Caldarium: hot room
o Tepidarium: warm room
o Frigidarium: cold room